Production Logging - RMP - Virtual, Blended Course

Production Logging Wellsite and Downhole Environment

You will learn:

• The basic components of surface equipment used to log a flowing well.
• The basic methods used to flow a well.
• The fundamental types of completions used in typical wells and the problems associated with acquiring and interpreting production log data in these types of completions.
• The basic information shown in a wellbore sketch and how to use this when planning production logging jobs.
• How gamma ray and casing collar tools work and how to use them to depth align production logs to open hole logs.
• How wireline depth measurements are made and how they compare with pipe tallies and coiled tubing depth measurements.
• How conventional cement bond and ultrasonic cement bond logging tools work, what they measure, and how to do a qualitative interpretation of cement bond quality.

Conventional Production Logging: Temperature and Single-element Spinners

You will learn:

• How to identify fluid entries on a temperature log run in a flowing well and how to distinguish gas entries from liquid entries due to the Joule-Thompson cooling response
• How formation thermal conductivity affects the shape of the geothermal gradient
• How formation thermal diffusivity affects the rate of wellbore warm back when shutting in a flowing or injecting well
• How to calculate relative flow rates from a flowing temperature log
• How fluid heat capacity affects the shape of a flowing or an injecting temperature log
• How to identify injection intervals on an injecting temperature log and how to calculate their relative injection rates using the Ramey equation
• The different types of spinner flow meter tools and how they make their measurements
• How to identify fluid entry/fluid injection rates on flowing/injecting spinner surveys
• How to calculate flow rates from a multiple-pass spinner logging survey

Conventional Production Logging: Two-phase Flow

You will learn how to:

• Identify fluid entries on pressure, differential pressure, capacitance, focused gamma density, non-focused density, and backscattered gamma logs acquired in a flowing well and how to calculate fluid holdups from these measurements.
• Understand which measurements can be used in deviated and high angle-horizontal wells and how to interpret those measurements that can be used in these conditions.
• Recognize which measurements are preferred for gas holdup, oil holdup, and water holdup.
• Indentify basic flow regimes for two-phase flow and how to estimate when each might be occurring down hole.
• Recognize how two-phase flow affects a spinner log, how to correct for it when this can be done, and when one needs measurements in addition to the conventional spinner measurements.
• Calculate two-phase flow rates from a multiple-pass spinner logging survey using one or more types of fluid holdup measurements when fluids are well mixed.

Production Logging In High Angle/horizontal Wells

You will learn:

• How increasing wellbore deviation increases slip velocity and heavier phase fluid holdup as well deviation increases to 90?
• Why center-weighted production logging measurements are not suitable for calculating fluid holdup and flow rates in high-angle to horizontal wells
• How gas holdup optical probes, water holdup resistance probes, and multiple-phase holdup capacitance probes work
• How array mini-spinners work
• How to calculate two-phase flow rates from a single-pass logging program using multiple holdup and spinner array measurements

Advanced Nuclear Production Logging

You will learn:

• How pulsed neutron capture, pulsed neutron spectroscopy, and oxygen activation tools work.
• How to identify formation and borehole fluid contacts and distinguish between the two.
• Which measurements are used to identify formation properties versus completion effects.
• How to use a pulsed neutron capture tool to log down and identify hydrocarbon/water contacts in the casing and annulus with the well shut-in.
• How to interpret data and estimate flow rates from oxygen activation measurements.
• How to use a pulsed neutron capture tool with gadolinium tracers to estimate oil and water flow rates.
• How to determine gas and oil holdup from pulsed neutron spectroscopy measurements.

Special Purpose Production Logging

You will learn how to:

• Describe how a noise tool is designed and how it operates.
• Understand how different flow regimes affect the frequency content of a noise log and be able to identify some of these from a conventional noise log.
• Explain how a spectral noise tool operates and describe how it is different from a conventional noise logging tool.
• Describe how radioactive tracers are used.
• Determine injection rates from slug tracking and velocity shot radioactive tracer surveys.
• Understand how fiberoptic temperature measurements are made and explain the difference between these types of temperature measurements and conventional temperature logging tools.
• Use time-lapse fiber optic temperature data with detailed production data to locate water entries in a flowing oil well.
• Use the principles of designed a logging program to plan and design a complete cased-hole and production logging program for a complex well